How to Install a Linux Distribution on WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux)

How to Install a Linux Distribution on WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux): A Step-by-Step Guide

The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) has revolutionized how developers and enthusiasts interact with Linux on Windows. By allowing you to run a full Linux distribution within Windows without the need for a virtual machine or dual-boot setup, WSL provides a powerful and efficient way to explore Linux. This guide walks you through installing a Linux distribution on WSL.

What is WSL?

WSL is a compatibility layer in Windows that allows you to run Linux natively, enabling seamless integration of Linux tools with your Windows environment. With WSL 2, you also get a real Linux kernel for better performance and compatibility.

Prerequisites

1. Windows Version: You need Windows 10 (version 2004 or later) or Windows 11.
2. Administrative Rights: Ensure you have administrator privileges on your system.
3. Internet Connection: Required to download the Linux distribution.

Step 1: Enable WSL

To get started, you need to enable the WSL feature in Windows:

1. Open PowerShell as Administrator.
2. Run the following command to enable the required features:
    

   wsl --install

    

   

   This command will:

   • Enable the WSL feature.
   • Install the virtual machine platform.
   • Download and install a default Linux distribution (typically Ubuntu).
3. Restart your computer when prompted.

Step 2: Choose and Install a Linux Distribution

If you want to install a specific Linux distribution or add another one:

1. Open the Microsoft Store.
2. Search for your desired Linux distribution, such as:
   • Ubuntu (various versions)
   • Debian
   • Kali Linux
   • Fedora
   • openSUSE
3. Click Install to download and set up the distribution.

Alternatively, you can use PowerShell to install a specific distribution. For example:

Step 3: Set Up Your Linux Environment

1. After installation, launch your Linux distribution either from the Start menu or by typing its name in a terminal.
2. The first time you launch the distro, it will complete setup and prompt you to:
   • Create a new user.
   • Set a password for the user.
3. Once completed, you will have access to a Linux terminal.

Step 4: Configure WSL Version

By default, WSL 2 is used. To confirm or change the version for your distribution:

1. Check the current version of WSL:
   

    

    

   wsl --list --verbose

    

2. Set a distribution to WSL 2 (if needed):
   

    

    

   wsl --set-version <distro-name> 2

    

   Replace <distro-name> with the name of your distribution.

3. If you want all future installations to default to WSL 2:
   

    

    

   wsl --set-default-version 2

    

Step 5: Explore Your Linux Distro

Once installed, you can start exploring and using Linux on your Windows machine:

• Access the Linux file system via /home or /mnt/c for Windows drives.
• Install packages using the native package manager (e.g., apt, dnf, or zypper).
• Use Linux tools like vim, git, curl, and ssh.

Tips and Tricks

1. Access Linux Files from Windows: Navigate to \\\\wsl$\\<distro-name> in File Explorer to access your Linux files.
2. Run Linux Commands in PowerShell: Use wsl followed by a command:
   

    

    

   wsl ls -la

    

3. Backup Your Linux Distro: Export your distro for backup or transfer:
   

    

    

   wsl --export <distro-name> <file-name>.tar

    

4. Update Your Linux Kernel: Keep the kernel updated with:
   

    

    

   wsl --update

    

Common Troubleshooting

• Error: “WSL is not enabled”: Make sure the WSL feature is enabled in Windows Features.
• Low Disk Space: Consider resizing the virtual disk used by WSL 2.
• Networking Issues: Restart the LxssManager service or troubleshoot firewall rules.

Conclusion

Installing and running a Linux distribution on WSL is a straightforward process, providing a great way to enjoy the best of both Windows and Linux environments. Whether you’re a developer, sysadmin, or Linux enthusiast, WSL opens doors to new workflows and tools without leaving the comfort of Windows.

Have you tried using WSL? Share your experiences and favorite Linux distributions below!

Install a Linux Distribution on WSL (F.A.Q)